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+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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+
+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+ How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+ If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+ To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+ <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+ Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+
+ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+ If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+ <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+ This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+ This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+ under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+ You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+ The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
+<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- /dev/null
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Script: pgbouncer_follower.pl
+# Copyright: 22/04/2012: v1.0.1 Glyn Astill <glyn@8kb.co.uk>
+# Requires: Perl 5.10.1+, PostgreSQL 9.0+ Slony-I 2.0+
+#
+# This script is a command-line utility to monitor Slony-I clusters
+# and reconfigure pgbouncer to follow replication sets.
+#
+# This script is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This script is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this script. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use DBI;
+use v5.10.1;
+use Getopt::Long qw/GetOptions/;
+use Digest::MD5 qw/md5 md5_hex md5_base64/;
+use Sys::Hostname;
+use IO::Socket;
+use Time::HiRes qw/usleep/;
+use sigtrap 'handler' => \&cleanExit, 'HUP', 'INT','ABRT','QUIT','TERM';
+Getopt::Long::Configure qw/no_ignore_case/;
+
+use vars qw{%opt};
+
+use constant false => 0;
+use constant true => 1;
+
+my $g_usage = 'Pass configuration file: pool_follower.pl -f <configuration_path> [-D] ';
+my $g_debug = false;
+my $g_pidfile = "/tmp/pgbouncer_follower_%mode.pid";
+my $g_logfile = "/tmp/pgbouncer_follower_%mode.log";
+my $g_poll_interval = 1000;
+my $g_user = "slony";
+my $g_pass;
+my $g_clname = "replication";
+my $g_clsets = "1";
+my @g_conninfos;
+my @g_cluster; # no_id, no_comment, no_prov, orig_sets, conninfo, dbname, host, port
+my $g_status_file = "/tmp/pgbouncer_follower_%mode.status";
+my $g_conf_template = "/etc/pgbouncer/pgbouncer_%mode.template";
+my $g_conf_target = "/etc/pgbouncer/pgbouncer_%mode.ini";
+my $g_reload_command = "/etc/init.d/pgbouncer_%mode reload";
+my $g_mode = 'rw';
+my $g_all_databases=false;
+my ($year, $month, $day, $hour, $min, $sec);
+my $change_time;
+my $g_host = hostname;
+my ($g_addr)=inet_ntoa((gethostbyname(hostname))[4]);
+
+die $g_usage unless GetOptions(\%opt, 'config_file|f=s', 'daemon|D',) and keys %opt and ! @ARGV;
+
+unless (getConfig($opt{config_file})){
+ print ("There was a problem reading the configuration.\n");
+}
+if (!defined($g_status_file)) {
+ $g_status_file = "/tmp/$g_clname.status";
+}
+
+
+if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Logging to my '$g_logfile'");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Watching sets $g_clsets in Slony-I cluster '$g_clname' polling every ${g_poll_interval}ms");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Following " . ($g_all_databases ? "all databases" : "replicated database only") . " on an '$g_mode' node for the above replicated sets");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Template config '$g_conf_template' Target config '$g_conf_target'");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Reload command is '$g_reload_command'");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Status stored in '$g_status_file'");
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t Using local address for '$g_host' as '$g_addr'");
+ #printLogLn($g_logfile, "\t '$g_user' as '$g_pass'");
+}
+
+if (defined($opt{daemon})) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "pgbouncer_follower starting up");
+ if (writePID($g_pidfile)) {
+ while (true) {
+ doAll();
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Sleeping for ${g_poll_interval}ms");
+ }
+ usleep($g_poll_interval * 1000);
+ }
+ }
+}
+else {
+ doAll();
+}
+
+cleanExit(0);
+
+sub cleanExit {
+ if (defined($opt{daemon})) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "pgbouncer_follower shutting down");
+ removePID($g_pidfile);
+ }
+ exit(0);
+}
+
+sub doAll {
+ my $node_to;
+
+ foreach my $conninfo (@g_conninfos) {
+ eval {
+ @g_cluster = loadCluster($g_clname, $conninfo, $g_user, $g_pass, $g_addr, $g_clsets);
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Cluster with " . scalar(@g_cluster) . " nodes read from conninfo: $conninfo");
+ foreach (@g_cluster) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Node #" . @$_[0] . " DETAIL: " . @$_[1] . " " . @$_[2] . " " . (@$_[3] // "<NONE>") . " " . @$_[4] . " " . (@$_[5] // "<NONE>") . " " . @$_[6] . " " . @$_[7] . " " . @$_[8] . " " . @$_[9] . " " );
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ if ($@) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: Failed using conninfo: $conninfo DETAIL: $@");
+ }
+ else {
+ last;
+ }
+ }
+ unless (checkCluster($g_status_file)) {
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Cluster status unchanged");
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "Cluster status changed");
+ $node_to = generateConfig($g_conf_template, $g_conf_target, $g_mode, $g_all_databases, $g_clsets);
+ if (reloadConfig($g_reload_command)) {
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "Pool repointed to node #$node_to");
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+sub reloadConfig {
+ my $reload_command = shift;
+ my $success = true;
+ if(length($reload_command // '')) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "Running '$reload_command'");
+ eval {
+ open(RELOAD, "-|", $reload_command . " 2>&1");
+ while (<RELOAD>) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, $_);
+ }
+ close(RELOAD);
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "Reload command has been run.");
+ };
+ if ($@) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: Failed to run reload command DETAIL: $@");
+ $success = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return $success;
+}
+
+sub generateConfig {
+ my $template = shift;
+ my $target = shift;
+ my $mode = shift;
+ my $all_databases = shift;
+ my $clsets = shift;
+
+ my $success = false;
+ my @sets_to_follow;
+ my @sets_origin;
+ my @sets_subscribed;
+ my $target_node_id;
+ my $target_db;
+ my $target_host;
+ my $target_sets;
+ my $target_port = 5432;
+ my $target_is_origin;
+
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: All databases = " . ($g_all_databases ? 'true' : 'false'));
+ }
+
+ if (open(INFILE, "<", $template)) {
+ if (open(OUTFILE, ">", $target)) {
+ print OUTFILE "# Configuration file autogenerated at " . getRuntime() . " from $template\n";
+ foreach (<INFILE>) {
+ if (m/\[databases]/) {
+
+ # Try and choose a node; we always assign the origin initially regardless of rw/ro status
+ # when in ro mode and if we then find a suitable subscriber we'll reassign to it.
+ foreach my $node (@g_cluster) {
+ if ($clsets ne 'all') {
+ @sets_to_follow = split(',', $clsets);
+ if (defined($node->[3])) {
+ @sets_origin = split(',', $node->[3]);
+ }
+ else {
+ undef @sets_origin;
+ }
+ if (defined($node->[6])) {
+ @sets_subscribed = split(',', $node->[6]);
+ }
+ else {
+ undef @sets_subscribed;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (($clsets eq 'all' && defined($node->[3])) || (@sets_to_follow && @sets_origin && checkProvidesAllSets(\@sets_to_follow, \@sets_origin))) {
+ if (defined($node->[8])) {
+ $target_db = $node->[7];
+ $target_host = $node->[8];
+ $target_node_id = $node->[0];
+ $target_sets = $node->[3];
+ $target_is_origin = true;
+ }
+ if (defined($node->[9])) {
+ $target_port = $node->[9];
+ }
+ if ($mode eq "rw") {
+ last;
+ }
+ }
+ elsif (($mode eq "ro") && (($clsets eq 'all') || (@sets_to_follow && @sets_subscribed && checkProvidesAllSets(\@sets_to_follow, \@sets_subscribed)))) {
+ if (defined($node->[8])) {
+ $target_db = $node->[7];
+ $target_host = $node->[8];
+ $target_node_id = $node->[0];
+ $target_sets = ($node->[6] // $node->[3]);
+ $target_is_origin = false;
+ }
+ if (defined($node->[9])) {
+ $target_port = $node->[9];
+ }
+ last;
+ }
+ }
+ if (defined($target_host)) {
+ $_ = "# Configuration for " . ($target_is_origin ? "origin" : "subscriber") . " of sets $target_sets node #$target_node_id $target_host:$target_port\n" . $_;
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Configuration for " . ($target_is_origin ? "origin" : "subscriber") . " of sets $target_sets node #$target_node_id $target_host:$target_port");
+ if ($all_databases) {
+ $_ =~ s/(\[databases\])/$1\n\* = host=$target_host port=$target_port/;
+ }
+ else {
+ $_ =~ s/(\[databases\])/$1\n$target_db = host=$target_host port=$target_port dbname=$target_db/;
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ $_ = "# Could not find any node providing sets $g_clsets in mode $mode\n";
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Could not find any node providing sets $g_clsets in mode $mode");
+ }
+
+ }
+ print OUTFILE $_;
+ }
+ close (OUTFILE);
+ }
+ else {
+ print ("ERROR: Can't open file $target\n");
+ }
+ close(INFILE);
+ }
+ else {
+ print ("ERROR: Can't open file $template\n");
+ }
+ return $target_node_id;
+}
+
+sub checkCluster {
+ my $infile = shift;
+ my $changed = false;
+ my $current_cluster;
+ my $previous_cluster;
+ foreach (@g_cluster) {
+ $current_cluster = md5_hex(($current_cluster // "") . $_->[0] . $_->[2] . (defined($_->[3]) ? 't' : 'f'));
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Node " . $_->[0] . " detail = " . $_->[2] . (defined($_->[3]) ? 't' : 'f'));
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (-f $infile) {
+ if (open(CLUSTERFILE, "<", $infile)) {
+ $previous_cluster = <CLUSTERFILE>;
+ close(CLUSTERFILE);
+ }
+ else {
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "ERROR: Can't open file $infile for reading");
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (open(CLUSTERFILE, ">", $infile)) {
+ print CLUSTERFILE $current_cluster;
+ close(CLUSTERFILE);
+ }
+ else {
+ printLogLn ($g_logfile, "ERROR: Can't open file $infile for writing");
+ }
+
+ if ((($previous_cluster // "")ne "") && (($current_cluster // "") ne "") && ($current_cluster ne $previous_cluster)){
+ $changed = true;
+ }
+
+ return $changed
+}
+
+sub loadCluster {
+ my $clname = shift;
+ my $conninfo = shift;
+ my $dbuser = shift;
+ my $dbpass = shift;
+ my $addr = shift;
+ my $clsets = shift;
+ my $param_on = 1;
+
+ my $dsn;
+ my $dbh;
+ my $sth;
+ my $query;
+ my $version;
+ my $qw_clname;
+ my @cluster;
+
+ $dsn = "DBI:Pg:$conninfo};";
+
+ eval {
+ $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $dbuser, $dbpass, {RaiseError => 1});
+ $qw_clname = $dbh->quote_identifier("_" . $clname);
+
+ $query = "SELECT $qw_clname.getModuleVersion()";
+ $sth = $dbh->prepare($query);
+ $sth->execute();
+ ($version) = $sth->fetchrow;
+ $sth->finish;
+
+ $query = "WITH x AS (
+ SELECT a.no_id,
+ a.no_comment,
+ COALESCE(b.sub_provider, 0) AS no_prov,
+ NULLIF(array_to_string(array(SELECT set_id FROM $qw_clname.sl_set WHERE set_origin = a.no_id" .
+ ($clsets ne "all" ? " AND set_id IN (" . substr('?, ' x scalar(split(',', $clsets)), 0, -2) . ")" : "")
+ . " ORDER BY set_id), ','), '') AS origin_sets,
+ CASE " . ((substr($version,0,3) >= 2.2) ? "WHEN a.no_failed THEN 'FAILED' " : "") . "WHEN a.no_active THEN 'ACTIVE' ELSE 'INACTIVE' END AS no_status,
+ string_agg(CASE WHEN b.sub_receiver = a.no_id AND b.sub_forward AND b.sub_active" .
+ ($clsets ne "all" ? " AND b.sub_set IN (" . substr('?, ' x scalar(split(',', $clsets)), 0, -2) . ")" : "")
+ . " THEN b.sub_set::text END, ',' ORDER BY b.sub_set) AS prov_sets,
+ COALESCE(c.pa_conninfo,(SELECT pa_conninfo FROM $qw_clname.sl_path WHERE pa_server = $qw_clname.getlocalnodeid(?) LIMIT 1)) AS no_conninfo
+ FROM $qw_clname.sl_node a
+ LEFT JOIN $qw_clname.sl_subscribe b ON a.no_id = b.sub_receiver AND b.sub_set <> 999
+ LEFT JOIN $qw_clname.sl_path c ON c.pa_server = a.no_id AND c.pa_client = $qw_clname.getlocalnodeid(?)
+ LEFT JOIN $qw_clname.sl_set d ON d.set_origin = a.no_id
+ GROUP BY b.sub_provider, a.no_id, a.no_comment, c.pa_conninfo, a.no_active
+ ORDER BY (COALESCE(b.sub_provider, 0) = 0) DESC, a.no_id ASC
+ ), z AS (
+ SELECT *,
+ CASE WHEN x.no_conninfo ilike '%dbname=%' THEN(regexp_matches(x.no_conninfo, E'dbname=(.+?)\\\\M', 'ig'))[1] END AS database,
+ CASE WHEN x.no_conninfo ilike '%host=%' THEN(regexp_matches(x.no_conninfo, E'host=(.+?)(?=\\\\s|\$)', 'ig'))[1] END AS host,
+ CASE WHEN x.no_conninfo ilike '%port=%' THEN(regexp_matches(x.no_conninfo, E'port=(.+?)\\\\M', 'ig'))[1] ELSE '5432' END AS port
+ FROM x
+ )
+ SELECT * FROM z
+ ORDER BY origin_sets, @(CASE WHEN (host ~ '^[0-9]{1,3}(.[0-9]{1,3}){3}\$') THEN host::inet ELSE '255.255.255.255'::inet END - ?::inet) ASC";
+
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: " . $query);
+ }
+
+ $sth = $dbh->prepare($query);
+
+ if ($clsets ne "all") {
+ for (0..1) {
+ foreach my $param (split(",", $clsets)) {
+ $sth->bind_param($param_on, $param);
+ $param_on++;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ $sth->bind_param($param_on, "_" . $clname);
+ $param_on++;
+ $sth->bind_param($param_on, "_" . $clname);
+ $param_on++;
+ $sth->bind_param($param_on, (isInet($addr) ? $addr : '255.255.255.255'));
+ $sth->execute();
+
+ while (my @node = $sth->fetchrow) {
+ push(@cluster, \@node);
+ }
+
+ $sth->finish;
+ $dbh->disconnect();
+ };
+ if ($@) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: Failed to execute query against Postgres server: $@");
+ }
+
+ return @cluster;
+}
+
+sub getConfig {
+ my @fields;
+ my $success = false;
+ my $infile = shift;
+ my $value;
+
+ if (open(CFGFILE, "<", $infile)) {
+ foreach (<CFGFILE>) {
+ chomp $_;
+ for ($_) {
+ s/\r//;
+ #s/\#.*//;
+ s/#(?=(?:(?:[^']|[^"]*+'){2})*+[^']|[^"]*+\z).*//;
+ }
+ if (length(trim($_))) {
+ @fields = split('=', $_, 2);
+ $value = qtrim(trim($fields[1]));
+ given(lc($fields[0])) {
+ when(/\bdebug\b/i) {
+ $g_debug = checkBoolean($value);
+ }
+ when(/\bpid_file\b/i) {
+ $g_pidfile = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\blog_file\b/i) {
+ $g_logfile = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bslony_user\b/i) {
+ $g_user = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bslony_pass\b/i) {
+ $g_pass = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bslony_cluster_name\b/i) {
+ $g_clname = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bslony_sets_to_follow\b/i) {
+ $g_clsets = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bserver_conninfo\b/i) {
+ push(@g_conninfos, $value);
+ }
+ when(/\bfollower_poll_interval\b/i) {
+ $g_poll_interval = checkInteger($value);
+ }
+ when(/\bstatus_file\b/i) {
+ $g_status_file = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bpool_conf_template\b/i) {
+ $g_conf_template = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bpool_conf_target\b/i) {
+ $g_conf_target = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bpool_reload_command\b/i) {
+ $g_reload_command = $value;
+ }
+ when(/\bpool_mode\b/i) {
+ $g_mode = lc($value);
+ }
+ when(/\bpool_all_databases\b/i) {
+ $g_all_databases = checkBoolean($value);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ close (CFGFILE);
+ if (defined($g_user) && (scalar(@g_conninfos) > 0)) {
+ $success = true;
+ }
+ # Replace %mode and %clname here for actual value
+ for ($g_pidfile, $g_logfile, $g_status_file, $g_conf_template, $g_conf_target, $g_reload_command) {
+ s/\%mode/$g_mode/g;
+ s/\%clname/$g_clname/g;
+ }
+
+
+ }
+ else {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: Could not read configuration from '$infile'");
+ }
+ return $success;
+}
+
+sub writePID {
+ my $pidfile = shift;
+ my $success = true;
+
+ eval {
+ open (PIDFILE, ">", $pidfile);
+ print PIDFILE $$;
+ close (PIDFILE);
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Created PID file '$pidfile' for process $$");
+ }
+ };
+ if ($@) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: unable to write pidfile at '$pidfile' DETAIL $!");
+ $success = false;
+ }
+ return $success;
+}
+
+sub removePID {
+ my $pidfile = shift;
+ my $success = true;
+
+ eval {
+ if (-f $pidfile) {
+ unlink $pidfile;
+ if ($g_debug) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: Removed PID file '$pidfile'");
+ }
+ }
+ elsif ($g_debug){
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "DEBUG: PID file '$pidfile' never existed to be removed");
+ }
+ };
+ if ($@) {
+ printLogLn($g_logfile, "ERROR: unable to remove pidfile at '$pidfile' DETAIL $!");
+ $success = false;
+ }
+ return $success
+}
+
+sub checkBoolean {
+ my $text = shift;
+ my $value = undef;
+ if ( grep /^$text$/i, ("y","yes","t","true","on") ) {
+ $value = true;
+ }
+ elsif ( grep /^$text$/i, ("n","no","f","false","off") ) {
+ $value = false;
+ }
+ return $value;
+}
+
+sub checkInteger {
+ my $integer = shift;
+ my $value = undef;
+
+ if (($integer * 1) eq $integer) {
+ $value = int($integer);
+ }
+ return $value;
+}
+
+sub checkProvidesAllSets {
+ my ($originSets, $providerSets) = @_;
+ my %test_hash;
+
+ undef @test_hash{@$originSets}; # add a hash key for each element of @$originSets
+ delete @test_hash{@$providerSets}; # remove all keys for elements of @$providerSets
+
+ return !%test_hash; # return false if any keys are left in the hash
+}
+
+sub isInet {
+ my $address = shift;
+ my $success = true;
+
+ my(@octets) = $address =~ /^(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})$/;
+ if (@octets == 4) {
+ foreach (@octets) {
+ unless ($_ <= 255) {
+ $success = false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ $success = false;
+ }
+
+ return $success;
+}
+
+sub qtrim {
+ my $string = shift;
+ $string =~ s/^('|")+//;
+ $string =~ s/('|")+$//;
+ return $string;
+}
+
+sub trim {
+ my $string = shift;
+ $string =~ s/^\s+//;
+ $string =~ s/\s+$//;
+ return $string;
+}
+
+sub getRuntime {
+ my ($year, $month, $day, $hour, $min, $sec) = (localtime(time))[5,4,3,2,1,0];
+ my $time = sprintf ("%02d:%02d:%02d on %02d/%02d/%04d", $hour, $min, $sec, $day, $month+1, $year+1900);
+ return $time;
+}
+
+sub printLog {
+ my $logfile = shift;
+ my $message = shift;
+
+ print $message;
+
+ if (open(LOGFILE, ">>", $logfile)) {
+ print LOGFILE getRuntime() . " " . $message;
+ close (LOGFILE);
+ }
+ else {
+ printLn("ERROR: Unable to write to logfile $logfile");
+ }
+}
+
+sub printLogLn {
+ printLog ($_[0], $_[1] . $/);
+}
+
+sub printLn {
+ print ((@_ ? join($/, @_) : $_), $/);
+}